Under the background of the vigorous demand of rural vacation tourism market, the revitalization of rural areas and the great development of rural tourism, rural boutique accommodation is flourishing everywhere. However, with the rapid development, there are also some difficulties and challenges. For example, there are still many restrictions on the relevant policies of rural land, it is still difficult to replicate the business model, there are constant friction with stakeholders in rural communities, and there are contract breaking disputes. In view of these painful points, some excellent rural residential quarters are exploring a win-win and sustainable development model of rural residential quarters through the "symbiotic" development model and the "localization" operation and management system.
Founded in 2015, the hermit village is an enterprise focusing on the operation management and service training of high-quality rural boutique residential quarters. The Hawthorn Courtyard in Yanqing, Beijing, is the first model courtyard in a hermit village. Since its trial operation in December 2015, it has rapidly become the "explosion" of fine residential accommodation in the suburbs of Beijing.
Specifically, in the first stage of development, a cooperation mode of "tripartite cooperation, separation of three powers, and benefit sharing" has been formed. The landlords and housekeepers (villagers), village collectives/cooperatives, and rural residential operation companies (hermit villages) work together to solve the problem of housing lease by using the "separation of three rights" model, that is, ownership of residential housing belongs to villagers, contractual rights belong to village collectives/cooperatives, and operation and management rights belong to hermit villages, involving contracting and renting. Rent and other problems are solved by village collectives/cooperatives, and the operation and management of residential quarters are solved by living in seclusion. At the same time, in the aspect of benefit distribution, we should change the existing pattern and proportion of benefit distribution in the past industry, tilt the ultimate income to the villagers as much as possible, so as to benefit more villagers and mobilize their enthusiasm to participate in the rural residential projects. This model, with relatively clear property rights, complementary advantages and advantages of all parties, as well as marketing and operation with the help of the Internet and new media, makes it possible to replicate and promote this model in many projects.
In the second stage of development, a multi-cooperation mode of "villagers + village collectives / cooperatives + operators + X" has been formed. On the basis of the original stakeholders, the government has gradually joined the relevant stakeholders such as poverty alleviation agencies, financial institutions and so on. By building the rural interest community, activating the idle resources in rural areas, transforming the local idle labor force, all stakeholders involved can form a "symbiosis" through sharing and co-governance. The exhibition mode has the characteristics of light assets, replicable and intensive development.
The bottom logic of this "symbiotic" development model is to form a rural interest community of symbiotic development. Taking village collective/cooperative as a link, connecting villagers and residential enterprises, integrating farmers'interests, collective interests, enterprises' interests and government's interests, rationally dividing labor and cooperating together, strengthening collective economy and realizing rural construction and development. Among them, village collectives/cooperatives concentrate on idle housing resources and do a good job in asset management; residential enterprises do a good job in operation and management through the design, renovation, Internet marketing, service and management training of excellent residential houses in rural areas; local rural labor force is provided by residential enterprises and relevant government departments. With the localization of training, participate in the management of residential housing operations; the government or related poverty alleviation agencies for poverty alleviation funds for infrastructure construction; financial institutions timely provide appropriate financial support. This model can coordinate the interests of multi-stakeholders, at the same time, it can empower the rural residential quarters and realize the harmonious development of the rural residential ecological circle.
In a word, the brand of rural boutique accommodation is trying to build a service platform for rural tourism vacation around the construction of rural accommodation. Through the symbiotic development with stakeholders, rational distribution of income, adhere to local training, and form a replicable development model. In 2019, the projects of the hermit villages in Sichuan, Shaanxi, Hebei and other places will continue to land, and there will be about 120 boutique residential courtyards. It can be seen that only by adapting measures to local conditions, drawing materials from rural areas, drawing people from rural areas, and organically integrating ideals and business logic, such fine rural residential accommodation can maintain its lasting and vigorous vitality.